Author: Kamande

DATA COLLECTION AND RESEARCH DECISION MAKING

Running head: DATA COLLECTION AND RESEARCH DECISION MAKING

Data Collection and Research Decision Making
Student's Name
Institutional Affiliation
Professor 
Date 

Data Collection and Research Decision Making
Literature Review 
	A high-quality decision-making process forms the basic ideas behind the evidence-based practice that requires decision making to rely on critical thinking and available evidence. According to Barends and Rousseau, (2018) notes, a higher percentage of management practitioners make use of evidence in the decisions they make; only a few pays recommended attention to the quality nature of the available evidence. Geng, et al. (2018) postulates that evidence-based decision making involves making decisions regarding a program or practice as well as policy grounded on the best research or data available as informed by the available experimental evidence from a relevant field. Through evidence-based organizational decisionmaking process, the qualities of the programs and services offered by institutions have significantly improved (Elangovan, Guzman-Armstrong, Marshall, & Johnsen, 2018).  For instance, the application of research-based decision making in the prevention of chronic diseases consists of complex processes consisting of program planning where framework regarding quality improvement are highlighted; the partners are engaged in decision-making and assessment, after which the evidence-based policies are implemented. In this case, evidence-based decision making improves the quality of health care outcomes in the treatment of chronic infections.
    Allen, et al. (2018) states that the district central office administrators are facing an increase in policy demand for using research in the decisions they make. The increasing demand is brought about by researchers on education-related policies as well as the policymakers to bring about a proper understanding of the evidence used in the office in the central district and identifies the conditions that need support.  According to Potter, Perry, Stockert, and Hall, (2016) research, one of the essentials of using research-based practice in the decision-making process is the ability to evolve and making patient care in health care settings. Moreover, businesses make use of research-decision making to lower their operating costs as they promote specialization and expertise in all activities they participate in the industry (Elangovan et al., 2018). In general, the research-based decision-making process improves accuracy, lower management cost, as well as enhances the quality of services provided by organizations. 

Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methodologies
	Primarily, the difference between qualitative and quantitative research is based on the focus or sources of information used by each (Brannen, 2017). Qualitative research is usually text-based as opposed to a quantitative study, which puts a major focus on numbers. While quantitative research makes use of statistical tests such as T-test and F-test in the analysis step, non-statistical tests are used in the case of qualitative research the discussion of the secondary collected data forms the basis of analysis (Brannen, 2017). Qualitative research is explanatory research applied in the understanding of the opinions or study of other individuals. Therefore, it allows recognition of the trend in individuals' opinions. On the other hand, Quantitative research is applied in the quantification of problems through the generation of new data that are then transferred to useful statistics. 
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Collecting Primary and Secondary Data
	One of the advantages of the primary method of data collection is that the information collected is recent (Johnston, 2017). Therefore, primary data put into account the changes that occur over time. The conclusion made from the primary data is accurate as compared to secondary data.
	There is no need for requesting for proprietary information to use since the researcher possesses complete control of the primary data collected. Moreover, primary data is the target of a specified issue.

Cons of primary data
•	Primary data were costly since it requires outsourcing and short term employment of people (Johnston, 2017)...
•	
•	Collecting the necessary primary information is time-consuming since their interviews and observations carried out
Pros of secondary data
•	Secondary data are statistically reliable as less expertise of the equipment is needed (Johnston, 2017).
•	
•	The data are cost-effective since no observation is required to gather information
Disadvantages of secondary data
•	The information available might not be reliable statistically to be used in the current research (Johnston, 2017).
•	The data might not be appropriate to the current user needs 

 References
Allen, P., O'Connor, J. C., Best, L. A., Lakshman, M., Jacob, R. R., & Brownson, R. C. (2018). Management Practices to Build Evidence-Based Decision-Making Capacity for Chronic Disease Prevention in Georgia: A Case Study. Preventing chronic disease, 15, E92-E92.
Barends, E., & Rousseau, D. M. (2018). Evidence-based management: How to use evidence to make better organizational decisions. Kogan Page Publishers.
Brannen, J. (2017). Mixing methods: Qualitative and quantitative research. Routledge.
Elangovan, S., Guzman-Armstrong, S., Marshall, T. A., & Johnsen, D. C. (2018). Clinical decision making in the era of evidence-based dentistry. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 149(9), 745-747.
Geng, J. S., Chen, X. W., YU, X. L., Huang, J., He, D. F., & Dong, J. C. (2018). Study on the evidence-based decision-making framework for reimbursement technologies in view of EVIDEM. Chinese Journal of Health Policy, 11(4), 50-54.
Johnston, M. P. (2017). Secondary data analysis: A method of which the time has come. Qualitative and quantitative methods in libraries, 3(3), 619-626.
Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P., & Hall, A. (2016). Fundamentals of Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.